Description
Signal conditioning is a process of data acquisition, and an instrument called a signal conditioner is used to perform this process. This instrument converts one type of electrical or mechanical signal (input-signal) into another (output-signal). One such example is changing temperature to current output. The purpose is to amplify and convert this signal into an easy to read and compatible form for data-acquisition or machine-control. Pulse frequency output is another of the most common outcomes of signal conditioning.
A signal conditioner helps to provide precise measurements, which are essential for accurate data acquisition and machine-control. These instruments can perform an additional number of different functions. These include:
➤ Signal Conversion – The core feature of signal conditioners. Pick up signal and convert it into a higher level of electrical signal.
➤ Linearisation – Interpreting signal from software (where applicable) for higher accuracy. Common for thermocouple signals.
➤ Amplifying – Increasing the signal for processing or digitisation. Performed by upping the resolution of the input signal or increasing the signal-to-noise ratio.
➤ Filtering – Where the signal frequency spectrum is filtered to only include the valid data and block any noise.
➤ Evaluation and smart-functions – Extra functions for signal evaluation and measurement data preprocessing, to monitor and evaluate warning and alarms directly via an electrical switching output.
➤ Interfaces – Common analog interfaces are voltage (+/-10V) or current signals (+/-20mA) for simple management, but uses multiple wires. Digital interfaces have Ethernet capability (including PROFINET) and connects several components with only one wire.
A signal barrier would be integrated to prevent explosions in hazardous areas. By linking the signal barrier to a safe area, a barrier minimises the current of any potential ignition source near fire and oxygen.
A range of products from STATUS INSTRUMENTS and Pepperl+Fuchs offer the complete solution to your signal conditioning. For more information on each range, or contact our process instrumentation team directly with any inquiries you have.
